The delivery condition is a term in the steel pipe industry, which refers to the final plastic deformation or final heat treatment state of the delivered product. Generally, those delivered without heat treatment are called hot-rolled or cold-drawn (rolled) state or manufacturing state; those delivered after heat treatment are called heat-treated state, or normalized (normalized), quenched and tempered, solution, annealed according to the type of heat treatment status. When ordering, the delivery status must be indicated in the contract.
According to requirements of customers, steel plates, steel pipes and other steel products supplied here can be delivered at the following states:
Hot-rolled condition
No extra heat treatment to steel product after hot rolling or forging, steel plate or pipe is directly delivered after cooling, called hot rolled or hot forging. Final temperature range of the steel product is 800 ~ 960 ℃, generally cooled naturally in the air.
Hot rolling status is simply as normalizing treatment. The difference is that hot rolled final temperature is not steady, while normalizing is more strict at fire heating temperature control, the fluctuations of microstructure and properties of steel is bigger than normalizing.
Cold drawn (rolled) condition
Steel product produced by cold drawing, cold rolling or other cold forming process, could be directly delivered without any heat treatment is known as the cold drawn or cold rolled condition. Compared with the state of hot rolling, forging.
Cold drawing (rolling) state has the advantages of high dimensional accuracy, good surface quality, and have higher mechanical properties. But for steel surface has no oxidation skin coverage for steel product at cold drawing (rolling) delivery status, and has higher internal stress, it is vulnerable to corrosion or rust, so packaging, storage and transportation requires more strict conditions for steel plate or steel pipe of this delivery state, generally use warehouse storage, and temperature and humidity should be controlled within a normal range.
Normalizing condition
Normalize heat treatment temperature (hypo eutectoid steel: Ac3+30 to 50℃, eutectoid steel: Accm+30 to 50℃), temperature control is more strict than hot-rolled state, it has uniform performance.
Normalized state,compared with annealed state, due to rapid cooling process of normalizing, the number of pearlite in the microstructure of the steel increased, so it has higher comprehensive mechanical properties and can improve the low carbon steel of the widmanstatten structure and eutectoid cementite network form, it is used to prepare for further heat treatment.
Annealing condition
The purpose of annealing is mainly to eliminate the legacy of tissue defects and improve internal stress, it's the pre-treatment for better organization and performance for after processes.
Alloy structural steel, cold heading steel, bearing steel, tool steel, turbine blade steel, heat resistant stainless steel steel products are commonly used annealing state delivery.
Tempering condition
High tempering temperature is conducive to eliminate internal stress, improve the plasticity and toughness of carbon structure steel, alloy steel; quench hardenability structural steel are adopted with high temperature tempering state delivery.
Some high strength martensite stainless steel, high-speed tool steel and high strength alloy steel, high temperature tempering is often after quenching (or drawing) process, steel product of this delivery state has good machinability.
Solid Solution condition
The delivery condition of the solid treatment before leaving the factory is referred to solid treatment state. This state is mainly used on Austenite stainless steel material factory processing. Through solid treatment to improve the toughness and plasticity of steel and create the conditions for further cold processing, it can also be prepared for further precipitation hardening.
According to requirements of customers, steel plates, steel pipes and other steel products supplied here can be delivered at the following states:
Hot-rolled condition
No extra heat treatment to steel product after hot rolling or forging, steel plate or pipe is directly delivered after cooling, called hot rolled or hot forging. Final temperature range of the steel product is 800 ~ 960 ℃, generally cooled naturally in the air.
Hot rolling status is simply as normalizing treatment. The difference is that hot rolled final temperature is not steady, while normalizing is more strict at fire heating temperature control, the fluctuations of microstructure and properties of steel is bigger than normalizing.
Cold drawn (rolled) condition
Steel product produced by cold drawing, cold rolling or other cold forming process, could be directly delivered without any heat treatment is known as the cold drawn or cold rolled condition. Compared with the state of hot rolling, forging.
Cold drawing (rolling) state has the advantages of high dimensional accuracy, good surface quality, and have higher mechanical properties. But for steel surface has no oxidation skin coverage for steel product at cold drawing (rolling) delivery status, and has higher internal stress, it is vulnerable to corrosion or rust, so packaging, storage and transportation requires more strict conditions for steel plate or steel pipe of this delivery state, generally use warehouse storage, and temperature and humidity should be controlled within a normal range.
Normalizing condition
Normalize heat treatment temperature (hypo eutectoid steel: Ac3+30 to 50℃, eutectoid steel: Accm+30 to 50℃), temperature control is more strict than hot-rolled state, it has uniform performance.
Normalized state,compared with annealed state, due to rapid cooling process of normalizing, the number of pearlite in the microstructure of the steel increased, so it has higher comprehensive mechanical properties and can improve the low carbon steel of the widmanstatten structure and eutectoid cementite network form, it is used to prepare for further heat treatment.
Annealing condition
The purpose of annealing is mainly to eliminate the legacy of tissue defects and improve internal stress, it's the pre-treatment for better organization and performance for after processes.
Alloy structural steel, cold heading steel, bearing steel, tool steel, turbine blade steel, heat resistant stainless steel steel products are commonly used annealing state delivery.
Tempering condition
High tempering temperature is conducive to eliminate internal stress, improve the plasticity and toughness of carbon structure steel, alloy steel; quench hardenability structural steel are adopted with high temperature tempering state delivery.
Some high strength martensite stainless steel, high-speed tool steel and high strength alloy steel, high temperature tempering is often after quenching (or drawing) process, steel product of this delivery state has good machinability.
Solid Solution condition
The delivery condition of the solid treatment before leaving the factory is referred to solid treatment state. This state is mainly used on Austenite stainless steel material factory processing. Through solid treatment to improve the toughness and plasticity of steel and create the conditions for further cold processing, it can also be prepared for further precipitation hardening.
